Swift

Swift is a powerful and versatile programming language developed by Apple Inc. It was first introduced in 2014 and has since become the primary language for developing applications on Apple's platforms, including iOS, macOS, watchOS, and tvOS. Swift is designed to be easy to read and write, with a focus on performance, safety, and modern programming concepts.

This competency area includes an understanding of the concepts of syntax, control flow, functions, collections, structures and classes, and error handling.

1. Syntax - Understanding the basic syntax of Swift, including variables, constants, data types, and operators.

2. Control Flow - Knowledge of control flow structures like if statements, switch statements, loops (for, while), and the usage of control transfer statements like break, continue, and return.

3. Functions - Proficiency in creating functions, defining parameters, and understanding return types. Learning about function overloading and default parameter values.

4. Collections - Knowledge of arrays, dictionaries, sets, and other collection types. Knowing how to perform common operations on these collections.

5. Structures and Classes - Understanding the difference between structures and classes, and when to use each. Learning about properties, methods, and initialization.

6. Error Handling - Proficiency in handling errors using do-catch blocks and understanding error types and custom error creation.